Ch7. Equilibrium
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Definitions
Closed system: A system in which neither matter nor energy can be lost or gained. An equilibrium can never occur in a system that is not closed.
Contact process: The synthesis of sulphur trioxide, (V2O5 is used as a catalyst).
Equilibrium constant: For a reaction aA + bB -> cC + dD, where the small letters are coefficients and capital letters are the reactants, the equilibrium constant is [C]c[D]d/[A]a[B]b. Variable units.
Equilibrium, dynamic: An equilibrium in which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are the same.
Haber process: The synthesis of ammonia, where Fe is used as a catalyst.
Homogeneous reaction: A reaction in which all the species involved are in the same phase.
Le Chatelier’s principle: If an equilibrium is subjected to a stress, the equilibrium will shift to minimize the effect of the stress.
Phase equilibrium: When the rate of vaporization is equal to the rate of condensation.
Vapour pressure: The partial pressure of a vapour. Boiling occurs when a liquid’s vapour pressure equals the external pressure. The stronger the intermolecular forces the lower the vapour pressure at a particular temperature.
• Le Chatelier’s principle - Worksheet [.pdf] [.doc]
• Applying Le Chatelier’s principle [.pdf]
•The Haber process [link]
•The Contact process [link]
•Le Chatelier’s principle [link]
