Ch1. Quantitative Chemistry
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Definitions
Avogadro’s constant: The number of particles in 12g of 12C.
Concentration: the amount of solute per unit of volume of solution
Formula, empirical: The formula obtained by experiment, showing the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a particle of a substance.
Formula, molecular: The formula showing the actual number of atoms of each element in a particle of a substance.
Formula, structural: Shows the arrangement of atoms and bonds within a molecule.
Ideal gas: A gas for which the relationship pV = nRT holds true.
Limiting reagent: The reactant which will determine the theoretical maximum amount of product formed.
Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution: Graph showing the distribution of kinetic energies among molecules.
Molar mass: The mass of a mole of a substance.
Molar volume: At 273 K and 1 atm (STP), one mole of any gas will occupy 22.4 dm3.
Mole: The amount of substance that contains a number of specified species equal to Avogadro’s constant.
Solute: A substance that is dissolved into another (the solvent)
Solvent: a substance that dissolves another (the solute)
Yield, percentage: The experimental yield as a percentage of the maximum theoretical yield (experimental/theoretical*100)
•Stoichiometry [.pdf]
•Titration and back-titration [.pdf]
